![]() Pitch (hz) is a measure of cycles per second. Notes are measured by their pitch (a specific note or tone). Even if played an octave apart, notes that carry the same pitch have the same name - so you can play an A, then play another A an octave higher or lower. An octave is defined as a note that is one full scale higher or lower than the original note (the first and last note of a scale). You can also examine the octaves of a piano keyboard. Playing left to right will cause ascending tones to play, while playing right to left has the opposite effect, resulting in descending tones. The piano can accommodate you playing any musical scale simply find your starting note, and play the remaining notes of the scale in the correct order. Some people believe that the piano is based on the C scale, but that is not so. You will see alternating black and white keys all the way up the keyboard, except there are no black keys between the B and C or between the E and F because there are no black keys between those notes. Piano keys are laid out in what are called semitones, or half steps, and are arranged to follow a chromatic scale (each key is one half step away from the adjacent one). (This is an over-simplification, but this is an article for pure beginners.) The first key (on the leftmost side of the keyboard) is an A and the final key (on the rightmost side) is a C. The keyboard has white keys that are tuned to play “natural” notes, and black keys that are tuned to play flat and sharp notes. When depressing the keys, you trigger hammers inside the piano to hit strings, which is what produces the sound. A piano has 88 keys, 36 are black and 52 are white.
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